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Republic (Plato)
The ''Republic'' (, ''Politeia''; Latin: ''De Republica''〔Henri Estienne (ed.), ''Platonis opera quae extant omnia'', Vol. 2, 1578, (p. 327 ).〕) is a Socratic dialogue, written by Plato around 380 BCE, concerning the definition of justice (δικαιοσύνη), the order and character of the just city-state and the just man〔Brickhouse, Thomas and Smith, Nicholas D. (Plato (c. 427–347 BC) ), The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy, University of Tennessee, cf. ''Dating Plato's Dialogues''.〕—for this reason, ancient readers used the name ''On Justice'' as an alternative title (not to be confused with the spurious dialogue also titled ''On Justice''). The dramatic date of the dialogue has been much debated and though it might have taken place some time during the Peloponnesian War, "there would be jarring anachronisms if any of the candidate specific dates between 432 and 404 were assigned".〔Nails, Debra (2002). The People of Plato: A Prosopography of Plato and Other Socratics. Hackett Publishing. ISBN 0-87220-564-9, p 324〕 Plato's best-known work, it has proven to be one of the world's most influential works of philosophy and political theory, both intellectually and historically.〔National Public Radio (August 8, 2007). (Plato's 'Republic' Still Influential, Author Says ). Talk of the Nation.〕〔(Plato: The Republic ). Plato: His Philosophy and his life, allphilosophers.com〕 In it, Socrates along with various Athenians and foreigners discuss the meaning of justice and examine whether or not the just man is happier than the unjust man by considering a series of different cities coming into existence "in speech", culminating in a city called Kallipolis (Καλλίπολις), which is ruled by philosopher-kings; and by examining the nature of existing regimes. The participants also discuss the theory of forms, the immortality of the soul, and the roles of the philosopher and of poetry in society.
==Structure==
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